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ACBL’s one-stop shop for the most searched for resources on our website. The document Library includes ACBL’s governing documents, laws, charts and more.
Policies & Governing Documents
Prices & Fees
LAWS / CHANGES /VIDEOS
- Law 1B: The back of each card must be symmetric (Law 1C) and the ACBL encourages the use of packs where the face of each card is also symmetric.
- Law18F: The ACBL Board of Directors authorizes tournament organizers in ACBL sanctioned events to use bidding boxes. Any alternative method which is necessary to enable a person with a disability to compete is authorized subject to the approval of the Director.
- Law 40B1 and Law 40B2(a): An opening bid of 1NT and an opening bid of one in a suit, which by partnership agreement could show fewer than 8 high-card points, is designated a special partnership agreement. These two special partnership agreements are disallowed in all ACBL sanctioned events.
- Law 40B2(a): Both members of a partnership must employ the same system that appears on the convention card.
- During a session of play, a system may not be varied, except with permission of the Tournament Director. (A Director might allow a pair to change a convention but would not allow a pair to change its basic system.)
- At the outset of a round or session, a pair may review its opponents’ convention card and alter its defenses against the opponents’ special understandings and preemptive bids. This must be announced to its opponents. The opponents may not vary their system after being informed of these defensive alterations.
- A partnership, by prior agreement, may not vary its understanding during the auction or play following a question asked a response to a question or any irregularity. >
- Law 40B2(b): Whenever written defenses are required or permitted, they may be referred to by any player whenever it would be appropriate to refer to an opponent’s convention card.
- Law 40B2(c): In addition, a player is permitted to consult an opponent’s convention card at his RHO’s turn to call.
- Law 93C1: A further appeal to the Regulating Authority (ACBL) may be allowed only as follows:
- On a point of law to and at the discretion of the ACBL Laws Commission.
- On an allegation of bias of a committee member or members to and at the discretion of the ACBL Appeals and Charges Committee. The appellant is required to present evidence that the bias was not known at the time of the hearing.
- The appeal must be filed within thirty (30) days of the decision of the Bridge Appeals Committee that heard the issue.
- Law 93C3(a): Except as noted in 7 above, the responsibility of dealing finally with any appeal of a Director’s decision is that of the tournament’s specified tournament body.
- I/N Tournament Planning Guide
- Sectional Tournament Planning Guide
- 2023 Regional Tournament Planning Guide
- Regional Tournament Planning Guide
- Appeals Committee Handbook
Conditions of Contest
Convention Charts
The four new convention charts are listed in order from least to most permissive: the Basic Chart, Basic+ Chart, Open Chart, and Open+ Chart. The Basic and Basic+ Charts are intended for limited master point events. These Charts are written in manner similar to the old charts — by listing permitted methods.
The Open and Open+ Charts are intended for events with no masterpoint limits (or high limits). In contrast to the Basic and Basic+ Charts, methods are generally allowed unless they are expressly prohibited within the Chart.
A comprehensive Definitions section is included in addition to the Charts. Any word that is capitalized on a Chart is included in the Definitions section.
An Examples section follows the Charts for cases where a rule might be ambiguous. Both the Definitions and the Examples should be included with the Charts. Any Definition or Chart Rule marked with three asterisks (***) has 1 or more examples in the Example section.
Defense Database
Defense Database
Two classes of methods are particularly difficult to defend against, and these methods are allowed only in events governed by the Open+ Chart, and then only in segments of six boards or longer. These methods, based on #3 of the Opening Bids section of the Open Chart and on #3 or #7 of the Opening Bids section of the Open+ Chart, require both a pre-alert and a written defense, including a separate copy of that defense for each opponent.
If you choose to play one of these methods, you are required to:
- Pre-Alert the method prior to the start of the auction on the first board.
- Have a complete written description of the method available for your opponents.
- Have a copy of an approved defense from this database available for your opponents should they wish to use it. If there is no approved defense for the method you wish to play, you may not use that method until such time as you have submitted a defense to ACBL and that defense has been approved.
The intent of these requirements is to permit responsible pairs a reasonable amount of freedom to determine the methods they wish to play while ensuring that no advantage is gained from a method that is unknown and/or whose submitted defense is inadequate.
A sub-committee of the Conventions and Competition Committee is responsible for approving defenses to methods which require them for addition to the ACBL Defense Database.
All proposals must include:
- a complete description of the method, including responses and rebids and what happens in competition,
- a detailed defense including initial actions, responses to the initial actions (including in competition), actions after opening-P- bid/P (and responses there to), delayed actions such as opening-P-bid- P-P/bid
Defenses To:
1. Artificial One-level Openings Showing Length Only In A Known Suit Other Than the One Opened:
2. Artificial Opening Preempts Below 3NT That Do Not Show At Least One Known SuitTournament Specific Regulations
Reference (Outdated) Documents
These documents are outdated and presented for reference only. Current regulations can be found above.
Club Managers’ Handbook
Club Directors’ Handbook
Player Movements and Games Guides
Convention Charts
Convention Cards & How to Fill Them Out
CONVENTION CARDS
Support for Units
Today’s world is one that requires adherence with laws pertaining to non-profit boards of directors. Are your board policies up to date? Take advantage of our Board of Directors Documents, including sample bylaws and minutes and the Board Meeting Rescue Kit.
Conventional Wisdom
- NEW 1 – Overview & Minors
- NEW 2 – Majors
- NEW 3 – Notrump
- NEW 4 – 2 Level
- NEW 5 – Other
- NEW 6 – Doubles
- NEW 7 – Overcalls
- NEW 8 – Cue Bids & Preempts
- NEW 9 – Slam Conventions
- NEW 10 – NT Overcalls
- NEW 11 – Defenses vs Notrump
- NEW 12 – vs Preempts
- NEW 13 – Carding
- NEW 14 – Leads
Commonly Used Conventions
In bridge parlance, any time you speak or pull a card from your bidding box, you are going to be making a call. Even in an informal game, your vocabulary is limited to fifteen words:
Pass Double Redouble One – Seven Club Diamond Heart Spade Notrump- Fourth Suit Forcing
- Blackwood
- Cappelletti (Part 1)
- Cappelletti (Part 2)
- DONT
- DOPI, ROPI, DEPO
- Jacoby 2NT
- Jacoby Transfers
- Michaels
- Negative Doubles
- New Minor Forcing
- Overcalls (Part 1)
- Overcalls (Part 2)
- Puppet Stayman
- Responding to a Takeout Double
- Responsive Doubles
- Roman Key Card Blackwood
- Smolen
- Splinters
- Stayman
- Texas Transfers
- Unusual vs. Unusual
- Weak Two-bids (Part 1)
- Weak Two-bids (Part 2)
Privacy Policy
The American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) is committed to respecting both your online and non-online privacy. Please read the following policy to understand how your personal information provided by you and collected by us will be treated. This policy may change from time to time so please check back periodically.
Privacy Policy Terms of Use Media/Photo PolicyOther Laws Changes Resources
Changes in the Laws
Questions about the recent changes in the Laws of Bridge? In the list of documents below, each Law is broken down individually, highlighting the differences between the 2007 and 2017 versions.
- Definitions
- Index
- Law 1 — The Pack
- Law 2 — The Duplicate Boards
- Law 3 — Arrangement of Tables
- Law 4 — Partnerships
- Law 5 — Assignment of Seats
- Law 6 — The Shuffle and Deal
- Law 7 — Control of Boards and Cards
- Law 8 — Sequence of Rounds
- Law 9 — Procedure Following an Irregularity
- Law 10 — Assessment of Rectification
- Law 11 — Forfeiture of the Right to Rectification
- Law 12 — Director's Discretionary Powers
- Law 13 — Incorrect Number of Cards
- Law 14 — Missing Card
- Law 15 — Play of a Wrong Board
- Law 16 — Authorized and Unauthorized Information
- Law 17 — The Auction Period
- Law 18 — Bids
- Law 19 — Doubles and Redoubles
- Law 20 — Review and Explanation of Calls
- Law 21 — Call Based on Misinformation
- Law 22 — Procedure After the Bidding Has Ended
- Law 23 — Comparable Call
- Law 24 — Cards Exposed or Led Prior to Play Period
- Law 25 — Legal and Illegal Changes of Call
- Law 26 — Call Withdrawn, Lead Restrictions
- Law 27 — Insufficient Bid
- Law 28 — Calls Considered to be in Rotation
- Law 29 — Procedure After Call Out of Rotation
- Law 30 — Pass Out of Rotation
- Law 31 — Bid Out of Rotation
- Law 32 — Double or Redouble Out of Rotation
- Law 33 — Simultaneous Calls
- Law 34 — Retention of Right To Call
- Law 35 — Inadmissible Calls
- Law 36 — Inadmissible Doubles and Redoubles.
- Law 37 — Action Violating Obligation to Pass
- Law 38 — Bid of More Than Seven
- Law 39 — Call After the Final Pass
- Law 40 — Partnership Understandings
- Law 41 — Commencement of Play
- Law 42 — Dummy's Rights
- Law 43 — Dummy's Limitations
- Law 44 — Sequence and Procedure of Play
- Law 45 — Card Played
- Law 46 — Incomplete or Erroneous Call of a Card From Dummy
- Law 47 — Retraction of Card Played
- Law 48 — Exposure of Declarer's Cards
- Law 49 — Exposure of Defender's Cards
- Law 50 — Disposition of a Penalty Card
- Law 51 — Two or More Penalty Cards
- Law 52 — Failure to Lead or Play a Penalty Card
- Law 53 — Lead Out of Turn Accepted
- Law 54 — Faced Opening Lead Out of Turn
- Law 55 — Declarer's Lead Out of Turn
- Law 56 — Defender's Lead Out of Turn
- Law 57 — Premature Lead or Play
- Law 58 — Simultaneous Leads or Plays
- Law 59 — Inability to Lead or Play as Required
- Law 60 — Play After an Illegal Play
- Law 61 — Failure to Follow Suit - Inquires Concerning a Revoke
- Law 62 — Correction of a Revoke
- Law 63 — Establishment of a Revoke
- Law 64 — Procedure After the Establishment of a Revoke
- Law 65 — Law 65 - Arrangement of Tricks
- Law 66 — Inspection of Tricks
- Law 67 — Defective Trick
- Law 68 — Claim or Concession of Tricks
- Law 69 — Agreed Clam or Concession
- Law 70 — Contested Claim or Concession
- Law 71 — Concession Cancelled
- Law 72 — General Principles
- Law 73 — Communication
- Law 74 — Conduct and Etiquette
- Law 75 — Mistaken Explanation or Mistaken Call
- Law 76 — Spectators
- Law 77 — Duplicate Bridge Scoring Table
- Law 78 — Methods of Scoring and Conditions of Contest
- Law 79 — Tricks Won
- Law 80 — Regulation and Organization
- Law 81 — The Director
- Law 82 — Rectification of Errors of Procedure
- Law 83 — Notification of the Right to Appeal
- Law 84 — Rulings on Agreed Facts
- Law 85 — Rulings on Disputed Facts
- Law 86 — In Team Play or Similar
- Law 87 — Fouled Board
- Law 88 — Award of Indemnity Points
- Law 89 — Rectification in Individual Events
- Law 90 — Procedural Penalties
- Law 91 — Penalize or Suspend
- Law 92 — Right to Appeal
- Law 93 — Procedures of Appeal
Club Corner Handbooks and Guides Lightboxes
ACBL CODIFICATION
Bidding Box Regs
- Bidding boxes will be used in all events held at NABC's except I/N events (0-500). Their use will be optional in I/N events.
- Units and Districts are encouraged to use bidding boxes in their games.
- Handicapped players requiring bidding boxes will have preference when availability is limited.
- Non-handicapped players may use bidding boxes, if available, in games in which such use is not mandated as long as no player at the table objects.
Any player has the right to use bidding boxes (assuming they are available) for any ACBL event in which they play if they are needed because of a hearing impairment. As a policy, we do not question players as to the details of a handicap when they state that one exists.
When bidding boxes are in use for this reason, no player has the right to refuse to play with them. Players who have a handicap which preclude their use will have a distinctive card. The card will be displayed on the table and read, "due to a physical or visual handicap, we are not using bidding boxes."
Choosing a call using bidding boxesA player is obligated to choose a call before touching any card in the box. Deliberation while touching the bidding box cards may subject the offending side to the adjustment provisions of Law 16.
A call is considered made when a bidding card is removed from the bidding box and held touching or nearly touching the table or maintained in such a position to indicate that the call has been made. We should use unauthorized information where reasonably appropriate (where we can rule that a bid has not been made). For close cases simply judge that the card had not left the confines of the box; therefore, a call has not been made.
A call may be changed without penalty, under the provisions of Law 25A, only if a player has inadvertently taken out the wrong bidding card and the player corrects or attempts to correct his mistake without pause for thought and the player’s partner has not made a call.
The onus is on the player to convince the director that a mechanical irregularity has occured. Calls from different pockets should rarely, if at all, be judged as inadvertent. One understandable exception is placing the double card out followed shortly with a bid card that skips the bidding. This appears clear that the double card was placed inadvertently on the table.
The Stop CardUse of the Stop card has been discontinued. No verbal or visual skip-bid warning should be used. Following a jump in the bidding, left-hand opponent is obligated to wait approximately 10 seconds (while giving the appearance of studying his hand and not in excess time to determine a choice of bids) before making a call.
Note: If a player accidently uses the Stop card, there is no penalty. It is each player’s responsibility to maintain appropriate tempo at all times.
COCs
In this area of the website, you will find conditions of contest for ACBL events. There is one column of general conditions which apply to all ACBL events and separate general conditions applicable to Pair, Swiss, B-A-M and KO events. Additionally, specific events have other conditions of contest which apply only to them. At the bottom of the page are the appendices which are referred to in some of the conditions of contest.
Please check to be sure you have read ALL applicable conditions for any event you are going to enter. If you have additional questions please contact the ACBL Tournament Department.
For other Rules and Regulations, please see the ACBL Codification, Chapter 8F.
Appendices
- Appendix B – Vanderbilt, Spingold and Soloway Seeding
- Appendix C – KO Bracketing
- Appendix E – KO Team Slow Play Penalties
- Appendix G – Special Conditions Pertaining to the Use of Bidding Boxes and Screens
- Appendix H – KO Handicapping
- Appendix I – Online Events
- Appendix J – Electronic Device Policy
- Appendix K – Conversion of IMP Margin of Victory to Victory Points
- Appendix M – NABC+ Masterpoints
- Appendix O – Online Play
- Appendix R – Ribbon Event Eligibility
- Appendix S – Security Regulations Pertaining to the Spingold, Vanderbilt and Soloway

